Clearly, mRNA vaccines could well protect against several strains. In addition, the particularities of this biotechnology could allow the integration of several genetic sequences. Such flexibility would be very useful for a disease like influenza which evolves every year. This equates to a simple change of software, but not of machinery. But the structure of the vaccine remains the same from one strain to another, only this genetic sequence needs to be updated. This is partly because a messenger RNA-based vaccine only needs one particular piece of genetic code, namely the key protein of the targeted viral strain. This type of vaccine can be produced much more quickly and easily, it suffices that the genetic sequence of a strain is synthesized. In 2004-05, the efficiency had even fallen to 10%.Ī messenger RNA vaccine, because of its design method, would have the potential to increase the rate of effectiveness and stabilize it. Result: the efficiency rate can fluctuate considerably from year to year: it was 19% in 2014-15, compared to 52% in 2013-14 and 48% in 2015-16. There may therefore be a gap between the established formula and the strain which ultimately circulates over the season concerned. However, this renewal must be constantly anticipated in advance. The problem with this type of vaccine is that it must be renewed every year, since the virus is seasonal and different strains circulate each year. Messenger RNA vaccines have had a special place in the vaccine strategy against Covid-19 disease. There is therefore a very important health issue here. The influenza virus can cause severe forms: according to figures According to the World Health Organization, there are 3-5 million severe forms of the disease worldwide each year, and between 290,000 and 650,000 deaths from the respiratory problems it causes. This is also the case by Sanofi and Translate Bio since June 2021.īut why are vaccines of this type so interesting for the fight against influenza? MRNA vaccines offer more flexibility Moreover, like Pfizer, Moderna has also launched clinical trials for a messenger RNA vaccine against influenza, in July 2021.
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Thus, in August 2021, Moderna announced to launch a clinical trial of an HIV mRNA vaccine.
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And this is potentially good news: this method is considered to be full of promise.
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This could pave the way for further releases to the market. It was the first time that a pharmaceutical product based on this technique was validated on the market.
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This vaccination method consists in providing our cells with the genetic recipe to produce the proteins of a virus, so that the immune system reacts to learn how to fight this virus (without ever being directly infected by this virus: there is only the genetic sequence a piece of the virus, nothing infectious). The particularity of this vaccine, like the one developed by Moderna, is that it is based on the technique of messenger RNA (mRNA). Pfizer has been in the news for several months, being the origin of Comirnaty, one of the most effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus.
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If the results are conclusive, the trial can move on to phase 2 and then to phase 3, in order to study the vaccine on groups that are still large and under ever more comprehensive aspects.
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The study begins its phase 1, that is to say the first step based on a small group of people, to determine how the product behaves in the human body. Pharmaceutical company Pfizer has announced its first clinical trial for a Messenger RNA against the flu, in a communicated published on September 27, 2021. The companies Pfizer, Moderna and Sanofi are launching the first clinical trials aimed at testing mRNA vaccines against seasonal influenza.